LPG is a clean, high octane, abundant and eco-friendly fuel. LPG is obtained both from natural gas processing through fractionation and from crude oil refining. It is a mixture of petroleum gases like ethane and butane.
LPG is a gas at atmospheric pressure and normal temperatures, but it can be liquefied when moderate pressure is applied or when the temperature is sufficiently reduced. This property makes LPG an ideal energy source for a wide range of applications, as it can be easily condensed, packaged, stored and utilized. When the pressure is released, the liquid makes up about 270 times its volume as gas, so large amounts of energy can be stored and transported compactly.
Compared to Petrol, LPG produces;
Up to 15% less greenhouse gas
Up to 50% less particulates
Up to 60% less CO
Up to 33% less NO
Virtually Zero Evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons
Up to 80% less air toxics like benzene and 1,3 butadiene
Thursday, September 11, 2008
Friday, July 11, 2008
Overview
The primary aim of the Auto Fuel Policy is to formulate measures that will help to reduce auto emissions and improve air quality. Improving air quality, where the health costs resulting from air pollution are considerable, is a compelling objective. A 1995 study (Carter Brandon and Kirsten Homman. 1995. The Cost of Inaction: Valuing the Economy-wide Cost of Environmental Degradation in India, presented at “Modelling Global Sustainability” Conference held at the United Nations University, Tokyo.) for instance, estimated the annual health costs resulting from urban air pollution in 36 cities to be in the range of a low of US $ 517 million (about Rs. 2500 crore) and a high of US $2102 million (about Rs. 10,000 crore). Average of the low and high values for the estimated environmental impacts in the above mentioned study ector wise were as follows: Health impacts of water pollution ($5,710 million, or 59% of the total); agricultural output loss due to soil degradation ($1,942 million, or 20%); health impacts of air pollution ($1310 million, or 14%); loss of livestock carrying capacity due to rangeland degradation $328 million, or 3%); the cost of deforestation ($214 million, or 2%); and loss of international tourism ($213 million, or 2%). A recent study (Ramaprasad Sengupta, Ashok Lahiri and Subrata Mandal. 2002. Saving on Health Cost from Implementation of Euro Norms in India.) entitled “Savings on Health Cost from Implementation of Euro Norms in India has provided estimates of health costs of auto emissions under different scenarios, i.e. pre-Euro, Euro II, Euro III and Euro IV emission based on study of 25 cities. According to the study annual health costs with pre-Euro specifications are estimated at Rs. 679 crore under the low cost scenario and Rs. 9,308 crore under the high cost scenario. Health costs under Euro II, Euro III and Euro IV scenario are evidently lower as a result of the improvement in vehicular technology and fuels. Savings on health costs, according to the study, are expected to be of the order of 86 per cent under Euro II, of 90 per cent under Euro III and upto 93 % under Euro IV over pre-Euro specifications. Upgrading auto fuel quality and vehicular technology to levels that are compatible with the emission norms as set out in Chapter 12, are crucial components in any strategy that aims at reducing auto emissions and improving air quality. Improving fuel quality entails investment in plants, and equipments in the refineries. Similarly, investments are needed to enable the automobile industry to produce vehicles that are compatible with the recommended emission norms.
Saturday, June 21, 2008
FETURES & SAFTY of AUTO LPG
Why LPG?
Air-borne emissions of the principal regulated noxious gases from Auto LPG use are among the lowest of all the automotive fuels commercially available today.According to tests, Auto LPG generates significantly lower carbon monoxide (50% lower), hydrocarbon and nitrous oxide (45%) emissions compared to petrol, and even lower emissions compared to diesel.
Safety
Only Autogas LPG cylinders or those factory-fitted by your car manufacturer are safe for use in vehicles. These cylinders are specially constructed for use in transportation and face rigorous testing before being fitted into your vehicle. NEVER use domestic LPG cylinders to power your vehicle. It is not only ILLEGAL - being a gross violation of the Auto LPG Control Order - but a POTENTIALLY FATAL HAZARD as well.In India, an estimated 4 million car owners have retro-fitted LPG kits with domestic cylinders in their vehicles. Most of these cylinders are spurious and unsafe for use in vehicles, and lead to the explosions and fires that we read about.
Following are some of the reasons why a domestic cylinder should never be fitted in a vehicle. Vulnerability Domestic cylinders are vulnerable in a crash situation. Potential Health Hazard
- If the supply line in a domestic cylinder is sheared in a crash situation, there will be an uncontrolled flow of LPG into the vehicle interior.
- When the interiors of a vehicle becomes very hot – like during the Indian summer - the safety relief valve of the cylinder may open to release excess pressure, creating a safety hazard within the interior of the vehicle.
- In some cases, cylinders are not fitted with a safety valve. The connection between the cylinder and the engine is then vulnerable to rupture, leading to LPG entering the vehicle space.
Lower Pulling Power The power delivered by a domestic cylinder is less than from a Autogas cylinder specially constructed for use in transportation. The engine does not respond well during increased load conditions like quick accelerating or climbing a slope.
For your own safety, please use authorised factopry-fitted LPG kits only.
Air-borne emissions of the principal regulated noxious gases from Auto LPG use are among the lowest of all the automotive fuels commercially available today.According to tests, Auto LPG generates significantly lower carbon monoxide (50% lower), hydrocarbon and nitrous oxide (45%) emissions compared to petrol, and even lower emissions compared to diesel.
Safety
Only Autogas LPG cylinders or those factory-fitted by your car manufacturer are safe for use in vehicles. These cylinders are specially constructed for use in transportation and face rigorous testing before being fitted into your vehicle. NEVER use domestic LPG cylinders to power your vehicle. It is not only ILLEGAL - being a gross violation of the Auto LPG Control Order - but a POTENTIALLY FATAL HAZARD as well.In India, an estimated 4 million car owners have retro-fitted LPG kits with domestic cylinders in their vehicles. Most of these cylinders are spurious and unsafe for use in vehicles, and lead to the explosions and fires that we read about.
Following are some of the reasons why a domestic cylinder should never be fitted in a vehicle. Vulnerability Domestic cylinders are vulnerable in a crash situation. Potential Health Hazard
- If the supply line in a domestic cylinder is sheared in a crash situation, there will be an uncontrolled flow of LPG into the vehicle interior.
- When the interiors of a vehicle becomes very hot – like during the Indian summer - the safety relief valve of the cylinder may open to release excess pressure, creating a safety hazard within the interior of the vehicle.
- In some cases, cylinders are not fitted with a safety valve. The connection between the cylinder and the engine is then vulnerable to rupture, leading to LPG entering the vehicle space.
Lower Pulling Power The power delivered by a domestic cylinder is less than from a Autogas cylinder specially constructed for use in transportation. The engine does not respond well during increased load conditions like quick accelerating or climbing a slope.
For your own safety, please use authorised factopry-fitted LPG kits only.
Tuesday, June 10, 2008
Benefits of LPG over other fuels
The cost of LPG is half that of Petrol. Yes that's right half !
The benefits for the environment are underpinned by Government initiatives (i.e. reduced taxes and charges). There is also reduced wear and tear on the engine. The points below are just some of the reasons to make the change.
You'll be driving in a more environment-friendly way, the gain from the use of Autogas for vehicles are undeniable. Please see section below for details
In contrast to diesel, cold starting is no problem, engine performance is similar to petrol.
No spilling when filling your tank and little possibility of theft or pilfering.
Engine noise is reduced.
LPG is better than petrol because it reaches the engine in gas form leading to improved combustion.
The ignition of Autogas is smoother as a result of the higher octane content. No additives are required to guarantee high quality.
The life of the engine is increased because of the absence of acids and carbon deposits.
Autogas contains no lead and is therefore cleaner.
Exhaust emissions contain less harmful substances when compared to petrol and diesel.
The engine oil does not become diluted with a resulting drop in servicing costs.
Environmental Benefits of LPG
The Energy Savings Trust indicates that road transport is responsible for nearly 50% of smog forming pollutants.
LPG-Cars will work with you to create a zero carbon footprint for your vehicle. This will involve assessment of your annual usage. LPG-Cars will then make an equal contribution to ensure that your first year is carbon zero. We also provide a scheme where you can have a zero footprint for the duration of your ownership. Please ask for details when you book in for the conversion.
Our view is that LPG is a cleaner fuel specifically:
LPG produces 33% less CO2 emissions than petrol and 45% less CO2 than diesel.
LPG vehicles produce upto 82% less Nitrogen Oxide pollutants than petrol and 99% better than diesel !
63% less Carbon Monoxide.
40% less Hydrocarbons than petrol and 70% less than diesel.
50% less particulates than petrol and 98% less than diesel. These caused the London warning in 2005.
At present the energy that goes into production of other bio fuels such as bio diesel and soya based fuels is substantial and the full environmental impact has not been calculated by the experts.
Although there has been a lot of media attention on electric cars the carbon footprint is enourmous. The raw materials are mined in remote parts of the world and then flown to specialist refining plants in the west, before being flown to the car plant. Recharging of cars may also require the use of mains power. Electric power generation has it’s own ecological problems that are well known. So our view is that this will move the problem elsewhere rather than tackling root cause.
The benefits for the environment are underpinned by Government initiatives (i.e. reduced taxes and charges). There is also reduced wear and tear on the engine. The points below are just some of the reasons to make the change.
You'll be driving in a more environment-friendly way, the gain from the use of Autogas for vehicles are undeniable. Please see section below for details
In contrast to diesel, cold starting is no problem, engine performance is similar to petrol.
No spilling when filling your tank and little possibility of theft or pilfering.
Engine noise is reduced.
LPG is better than petrol because it reaches the engine in gas form leading to improved combustion.
The ignition of Autogas is smoother as a result of the higher octane content. No additives are required to guarantee high quality.
The life of the engine is increased because of the absence of acids and carbon deposits.
Autogas contains no lead and is therefore cleaner.
Exhaust emissions contain less harmful substances when compared to petrol and diesel.
The engine oil does not become diluted with a resulting drop in servicing costs.
Environmental Benefits of LPG
The Energy Savings Trust indicates that road transport is responsible for nearly 50% of smog forming pollutants.
LPG-Cars will work with you to create a zero carbon footprint for your vehicle. This will involve assessment of your annual usage. LPG-Cars will then make an equal contribution to ensure that your first year is carbon zero. We also provide a scheme where you can have a zero footprint for the duration of your ownership. Please ask for details when you book in for the conversion.
Our view is that LPG is a cleaner fuel specifically:
LPG produces 33% less CO2 emissions than petrol and 45% less CO2 than diesel.
LPG vehicles produce upto 82% less Nitrogen Oxide pollutants than petrol and 99% better than diesel !
63% less Carbon Monoxide.
40% less Hydrocarbons than petrol and 70% less than diesel.
50% less particulates than petrol and 98% less than diesel. These caused the London warning in 2005.
At present the energy that goes into production of other bio fuels such as bio diesel and soya based fuels is substantial and the full environmental impact has not been calculated by the experts.
Although there has been a lot of media attention on electric cars the carbon footprint is enourmous. The raw materials are mined in remote parts of the world and then flown to specialist refining plants in the west, before being flown to the car plant. Recharging of cars may also require the use of mains power. Electric power generation has it’s own ecological problems that are well known. So our view is that this will move the problem elsewhere rather than tackling root cause.
Monday, June 2, 2008
Useful links in Auto-LPG Sector
- Aarding (India) (P) Ltd
http://www.aardingindia.com/ - Ace Auto LPG
http://www.acelpg-cng.com/ - Aegis Logistics Ltd
http://www.aegisindia.com/ - Auto Gas Energy (P) Ltd
http://www.autogasenergy.com/ - Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd
http://www.bharatpetroleum.com/ - Bhiwadi Cylinders (P) Ltd
http://www.bhiwadicylinders.com/ - Caltex India
http://www.caltex.com/ - CleanFUEL India
http://www.cleanfuelindia.com/ - CLH GASEOUS FUELS
- Dars Automobiles Inc
- Elf Gas India Ltd
http://www.total.co.in/ - Essar Oil Ltd
http://www.essar.com/ - Gas Projects (India) Pvt. Ltd.
http://www.gasprojects.com/ - Haldia Petrochemicals Ltd.
http://www.haldiapetrochemicals.com/ - Hovel Autogas
http://www.hovelautogas.com/ - Indian Oil Corporation Ltd
http://www.iocl.com/ - Larsen & Toubro Ltd
http://www.larsentubro.com/ - Lovato Gas S.p.A
http://www.lovatogas.com/ - MIDCO
http://www.midcopumps.com/ - Minda Autogas Ltd.
http://www.mindagroup.com/ - O3-PANFUEL TECH
- Petroleum India International (PII)
http://www.petroleumindia.com/ - Reliance Industries Ltd
http://www.ril.com/ - Rohan Automotive
http://www.rohanauto.com/ - Sagas Autotech (P) Ltd
http://www.sagas.co.in/ - Shell Gas (LPG) India Private Limited
http://www.shell.com/ - Shrimankar Fuel Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
http://www.shrimankargas.com/ - SHV Energy (P) Ltd
http://www.supergas.com/ - SKN Associates Pvt. Ltd.
http://www.skngreenfuels.com/ - VANAZ Engineers Ltd.
http://www.vanaz.com/ - Vialle Alternative Fuel Systems Ltd
http://www.vialle.nl/
Useful Conversion FactorsAll values relate to liquid propane
4.16 litres= 1 therm = 100,000 BTU
0.141 litres = 1KW
29.3701 KW = 1 therm = 100,000 BTU
0.242 therms = 1 litre
7.08 KW = 1 litre = 24.170 BTU
1 KW = 3412 BTU
1 litre = 9.66 cu.ft
0.104 litre = 40 cu.ft
1 therm = 40 cu.ft
1 Kg = 1.985 litres = 47.132 BTU
0.512 Kg = 1 litre
2000 litres = 1000 Kg = 1 tonne = 474 therms
1 tonne = 18.880 cu.ft
3.85 litres = 1m3 Vapour
4.16 litres= 1 therm = 100,000 BTU
0.141 litres = 1KW
29.3701 KW = 1 therm = 100,000 BTU
0.242 therms = 1 litre
7.08 KW = 1 litre = 24.170 BTU
1 KW = 3412 BTU
1 litre = 9.66 cu.ft
0.104 litre = 40 cu.ft
1 therm = 40 cu.ft
1 Kg = 1.985 litres = 47.132 BTU
0.512 Kg = 1 litre
2000 litres = 1000 Kg = 1 tonne = 474 therms
1 tonne = 18.880 cu.ft
3.85 litres = 1m3 Vapour
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)